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The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important crop that is often planted in areas that suffer from low water availability, leading to significant reductions in productivity. The breeding of genotypes better able to tolerate such conditions requires the efficient incorporation of resources present in germplasm banks. To this end, we investigated the responses of thirty bean genotypes to intermittent...
Maize husk number and weight are two vital traits, influencing the grain drying rate after physiological maturity, shattering and breakage rate in the progress of combine harvesting, in breeding varieties suitable for mechanized harvest. Unveiling the genetic basis of the husk number and weight would be useful for guiding maize genetic improvement of mechanical harvesting. The present study is the...
The present study aimed to dissect the genetic basis of heterosis for grain yield and its components in maize (Zea mays L.). Quantitative trait loci (QTL) and heterotic loci (HL) were analyzed using a set of 203 single segment substitution lines (SSSLs) and its testcross population in three environments. Forty-one QTL were identified as responsible for grain yield, ear length, ear diameter, row number,...
Oryza longistaminata (AA genome) is a wild rice species that is phenotypically inferior to cultivated rice but possesses useful alleles that can be used to improve agronomically important traits. Interspecific hybrids that are derived from cultivated rice and wild rice species with AA genome are important contributors of genetic diversity in rice. To illustrate the potential of wild rice...
Kernel weight (KWEI), a complex quantitative trait that is largely determined by kernel size, is a key component of grain yield in maize. In our previous studies, qKW7, a putative pleiotropic QTL associated with both KWEI and kernel width (KWID), was detected within the 7.02 bin region on chromosome 7 by both F2:3 population and recombinant inbred line (RIL) population from a Ye478 and Huangzaosi...
Global average temperature has been predicted to rise by 1.8–4.0 °C within this century, accompanied by an increase in the magnitude and frequency of high-temperature events. Developing new cultivars better adapted to high temperature is essential for forestry ecosystems. Analyzing smooth-bark birch (Betula luminifera) gene expression profiles in response to heat stress is critical to understanding...
Ricinus communis, also known as castor bean or castor plant, is a crop that produces seeds containing non-edible oil used widely in the chemical industry and the bioenergy sector. Varieties or hybrids that are suitable for mechanized harvesting may diminish the production cost boosting large scale production of the crop in new areas. In this study, we describe extensively the morphological...
Culm strength deterioration from grain filling to the fully ripe stage is one of the main causes of rice lodging. The quantitative trait locus for resistance to bending-type lodging, BSUC11, prevents upper culms from deteriorating their physical strength. The physical strength of culms is determined by morphological traits and chemical components. To clarify key factors preventing strength deterioration...
In order to complete a genetic model for the inheritance of chemotype in Cannabis, this paper explores the regulation of the propyl-/pentyl cannabinoid ratio. Plants almost pure in compounds with a C5 side chain are by far the most common, and such a chemotype can be considered a wild-type condition. Mutant progenitors with higher levels of the rarer cannabinoid THC-C3 (tetrahydrocannabivarin) were...
Studies that incorporate economic aspects of plant breeding into the evaluation of selection strategies tend to focus on a specific example. This makes it difficult to generalize the conditions under which one strategy is more cost-effective than the other. We provide a general, average cost framework for quantifying the effects of genomic selection prediction accuracy and varying cost ratios of phenotyping...
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been used widely to analyze the genetic control of complex traits in crops. In the present study, seven related phenotypic traits were analyzed in combination to study their association with 41,101 SNPs in 201 maize inbred lines that had been evaluated in seven environments (year/location combinations) under water-stressed (WS) or well-watered (WW) regimes...
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